Geography | Statistics |
Cartography | Operations Research |
Remote Sensing | Computer Science |
Photogrammetry | Mathematics |
Surveying | Civil Engineering |
Geodesy | Urban Planning etc. |
Table 1.4 summarizes how the above disciplines make up GIS with respect to the functions. GIS has many alternative names used over the years with respect to the range of applications and emphasis as listed below.
- Land Information System (LIS)
- AM/FM-Automated Mapping and Facilities Management
- Environmental Information System (EIS)
- Resources Information System
- Planning Information System
- Spatial Data Handling System
GIS is now becoming an indepedent discipline in the name of "Geomatic", "Geoinformatics"; or "Geospatial Information Science" that is used in many departments of government and university.